基于出行成本和运营成本的接驳城市轨道交通社区公交站点布设研究

Study on locating sitting of community shuttle feeder URT based on the user and operator costs

接驳城市轨道交通的社区公交可有效解决乘客出行"最后一千米"的问题,社区公交站点的合理布设需要统筹兼顾乘客出行成本和企业运营成本.在候选站点中,将乘客的步行时间和在途时间作为乘客选择站点候车的影响因子,并将乘客的站点选择行为转化为该站点被选择的概率,以乘客的步行时间成本、候车时间成本、在途时间成本和企业的运营成本最小为目标,以步行距离、满载率、发车频率和站间距为约束建立多目标优化模型,采用遗传算法求解.最后通过仿真实例,给出了优化的发车间隔和站点布设方案,验证了模型和算法的合理性和可用性.

The community shuttle feeder urban rail transit（URT）is served as a traffic mode to solve the＂last mile＂problem and facilitate passengers.The rational location of stops is determined with the consideration of the user and operator costs.The walking time and traveling time of passengers are taken into account as the influence factor on the user＇s site selection behavior.In this paper,the site selection behavior is transformed into the probability of a stop selected among candidates along the fixed route.A multi-objective model is developed based on the minimization of user and operator costs,subjected to walking distance,load factor,frequency and spatial.A genetic algorithm is adopted to solve the model.The simulation indicates the correctness and usability of the method giving the optimal combination of stops and an appropriate headway.