低渗透煤层钙基材料静态压裂增透技术实验研究

Experiment Study on Static Fracturing and Permeability Increasing Technology by Calcium- based Material in Low Permeable Coal Seam

增加低渗透煤层透气性是防治矿井瓦斯灾害、提高煤层气资源的开采的关键技术之一。简要分析了静态爆破剂压裂理论与破碎机理,以氧化钙、萘系减水剂、缓凝剂等材料配置新型静态爆破剂,通过正交试验确定最佳配比,并对其效果进行了测定;研究了爆破孔形状对压裂效果的影响。结果表明：研制的新型静态压裂材料作用6 h可使型煤开裂,产生的裂纹最大可达到16.33 mm,具有良好的增透潜力;自制的静态爆破剂配比为90份生石灰、3份萘系减水剂、5份有机糖类缓凝剂、水分30-40份爆破效果最佳;且通过对比压裂孔形状,发现矩形和三角形孔开裂效果优于圆孔。

Enhancing gas permeability of the low permeable coal seam is one of the critical technologies which can prevent gas disasters and promote CBM exploration. We analyzed fracturing theory and disintegration mechanism of the static blasting agent which includes quicklime,FDN and retarder. The research decided the perfect mixture ratio by orthogonal test. We research the relationship between blast hole shape and fracturing effect. The results showed that coal briquette cracked after 6 h and created the maximum of 16. 3 mm fissure by this new static fracturing materials. The independent development of static blasting agent has perfect effect when it has 90 portions of quicklime,3 portions of FDN,5 portions of set retarder and 30 to 40 portions of water. Rectangle and triangle holes have better cracking effect than the circular hole.