中药中常见真菌毒素毒理及快速检测技术

Advances in toxicological study and rapid detection of common mycotoxins in medicinal herbs

真菌毒素是真菌产生的有毒次级代谢产物,已成为影响临床中药用药安全的严重危害因子之一。中药从种植到临床使用的各个环节均可能存在真菌污染并产生有害毒素的风险。因此,掌握污染毒素的毒性研究、致病机制及灵敏、准确的快速检测前沿技术,对靶向治疗真菌毒素中毒并做到提前预警毒素污染具有非常重要的意义。本文剖析了中药中真菌毒素污染现状,并归纳了常见污染品种的毒性研究进展。鉴于毒素的极强毒性,本着"预防为主"的解决策略,系统探讨了典型真菌毒素的快速检测技术进展,以期为保障中药临床用药安全、降低真菌毒素中毒风险提供参考。

Mycotoxins,secondary metabolites produced by certain fungi,have become one of the most harmful factors that affect the clinical safety of medicinal herbs that probably can be contaminated by harmful toxins generated from fungi in the whole process from planting to clinical use. Therefore,more toxicological research of mycotoxins,a better knowledge of the pathogenesis and quick detection with sensitivity and accuracy will play an important role in targeted therapy of poisoning by mycotoxins and early warning . In this paper,the current status of mycotoxin contamination in medicinal herbs was analyzed,and the progress of toxicological study on common contaminants was reviewed. In view of the high toxicity of toxins,the strategy of ″Prevention First″ is highly desirable. Hence,the development of rapid detection of typical mycotoxins was systematically discussed. The review was intended to provide reference for ensuring clinical safe administration of medicinal herbs and for reducing the risk of mycotoxin poisoning.