基于地形梯度的陕西省生态系统服务价值评估

Assessing the ecosystem service values in Shaanxi Province based on terrain

为评估陕西省生态系统服务价值在地形梯度上的分布及变化趋势，利用2000、2010年土地利用DEM数据，定量探讨了陕西省生态系统服务价值的时序变化和空间分布特征，并对陕西省整体生态经济协调度进行分析．结果表明：2000—2010年，陕西省生态系统服务价值增加了10，92亿元，其中林地和草地生态系统服务价值分别增加21．4J0亿元和23．16亿元，耕地生态系统服务价值减少34．16亿元；在地形梯度上，生态系统服务价值呈中间高、南北低的分布特征，且主要集中于坡度为0°～14．6°，高程为1067－1380m的地形梯度单元内．单项生态系统服务价值中，废料处理和食物生产生态系统服务价值因耕地减少而损失严重，共减少6．08亿元．生态经济协调度评估结果表明：区域生态经济的发展整体趋于不协调，建议在经济发展的同时加强对生态环境的保护力度．

The purpose of this study is to assess the distribution and variation trend of ecosystem services values with terrains in Shaanxi Province. Land use status was evaluated on the basis of land use information and DEM data of 2000 and 2010. The sequential variation as well as spatial distribution pattern of ecosystem services was quantitatively analyzed by reference to＂ ecosystem service value equivalent per unit area of Chinese terrestrial eco- system＂ with ArcGIS. Simultaneously, eco-economic harmony index （EEH） of the province was also evalua- ted. It is found that from 2000 to 2010, the ecosystem service value had increased 1.09 billion yuan, among which ecosystem service value in forest land and grassland had increased 2. 14 billion and 2.32 billion yuan, respectively, while that in cultivated land had decreased 3.42 billion yuan. As regards the terrain and gradient, ecosystem service value shows a decreasing tendency northwards and southwards from the center, and concen- trates on the regions with gradient of 0~ - 14.6~ and on the elevation ranges of 1 607 - 1 380 m. As for the single ecosystem service value, waste disposal and food production has severely decreased 0.61 billion yuan owing to sharp decline of cultivated land. The results of EEH show that the ecological economy in Shaanxi Prov- ince is tending to be no harmonious as a whole. Thus, it is of great necessity to put emphasis up on ecological environmental protection and economy development.