张家界旅游产业生成空间时空格局演化与机制研究

Spatio-temporal Evolution Characteristics and Mechanism of Tourism Industry Generation of Zhangjiajie City

运用旅游地生命周期理论及哈格特空间结构模式理论,尝试性提出旅游产业生成空间的概念和内涵,剖析其周期性特征。并以张家界为实证研究对象,采用最邻近点距离、重心模型、时间同步性等分析方法,从结构、时间和空间3个维度定量解析了张家界旅游产业生成空间的演变过程,推演出张家界旅游产业生成空间时空格局演化的模式与规律,揭示其格局演化的动力机制。结果显示:1张家界旅游产业生成空间结构总体呈凝聚型分布,内部为"两均两凝"型,重心位置具有明显的周期性移动表征,且空间内部同步性较好,但差异性特征较强;2张家界旅游产业生成空间时空格局演化经历了出现期点状→生成期核心-边缘→发展期双核两翼东西联动的周期性模式。3旅游地地理尺度上"集聚力"、"路径依赖"和"旅游价值链"是推动张家界旅游产业生成空间演化的综合作用结果。

This article firstly specifies the space content of tourism industry generation, analyzes its cyclical characteristics, and then reveals spatial evolution process and pattern of tourism industry generation from its structure and spatio-temporal characteristics in Zhangjiajie City, using methods of adjacent point distance,gravity model and time synchronization. Based on indigenous and exogenous environment impact factors, the article also analyzes evolution mechanism of tourism pattern change. Spatial structure of tourism industry generation in this city presents condense distribution, with internal pattern of ＂two are average, two are condense＂. Gravity of tourism space is in northeast part, and gradually moves towards southwest with quicker moving to south. Gravity is in Wulingyuan district within the appearing and generating period and moving to Yongding district when developing. Tourism industry generation has a good synchronization, but the difference is also stronger. Spatio-temporal evolution patterns of tourism generation space change from point to core-periphery and to ＂two cores and two wings＂ and interaction between eastern part and western part. This evolution pattern results from interaction between internal and external influencing factors.