不同接种方法·播种方式和播种密度对高粱乌米生产的影响

Effects of Inoculation Method,Sowing Method and Sowing Density on the Production of Sorghum Head Smut

[目的]研究不同播种密度和接种播种方法对高粱乌米生产的影响。[方法]以沈杂5号为供试品种,以高粱乌米3号生理小种为供试菌种,对不同接种方法下高粱白米的接种率,不同播种方法下高粱乌米的出苗率和接种率,不同密度下高粱乌米的农艺性状及效益进行了研究。[结果]菌土法接种优于拌种法,以0.6%浓度配制菌土接种法接种率可达到87.03%;穴播法和开沟点播法出苗率和接种率均较高,分别为95.00%以上和近90.00%。12.0万~15.0万株/hm^2播种密度单个乌米农艺性状和经济效益能达到较好平衡,经济效益达7万元/hm^2以上。[结论]建议在生产上推广菌土法接种、穴播或开沟点播、密度为12.0万~15.0万株/hm^2的生产方式进行高粱乌米的生产。

[Objective] To research the effects of inoculation method, sowing method and sowing density on the production of sorghum head smut. [ Method ] With Shenza 5 as the test variety and head smut physiological race 3 as the test strain, we researched the effects of inoculation method on inoculation rate, the effects of sowing method on emergence rate and inoculation rate, and the effects of sowing density on agronomic characters and efficiency. [ Result] Soil inoculation method had higher inoculation rate than seed inoculation method, and inoculation rate of soft inoculation with 0.6% concnetratiou was as high as 87.03%. Hole seeding and dibble seeding methods had high emergence rate and inoculation rate, with emergence rate above 95.00% and inoculation rate close to 90.00%. The agronomic characters and economic benefits of a single sor- ghum head smut achieved a good balance, when seedling density reached 120-150 thousand plants/hm2. And the economic benefit was 70 thou- sand yuan/hm2. [ Conclusion] It is suggested that the production of sorghum head smut should be promoted by using soil inoculation method, hole seeding and dibble seeding method and with seedling density of 120-150 thousand plants/hm2.