消防官兵心理健康与消极完美主义人格、应对方式关系研究

Relationship of mental health,negative perfectionism and coping style among firefighters

目的探讨消防官兵的心理健康与消极完美主义人格、应对方式的关系。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取在岗消防官兵404人,采用《症状自评量表》(SCL-90)、《消极完美主义问卷》(ZNPQ)和《简易应对方式问卷》(SCSQ)进行调查,利用相关分析和结构方程模型探讨控制变量与结果变量间的关系。结果消防官兵SCL-90总分与ZNPQ犹豫迟疑和害怕失败因子得分均呈正相关(P<0.05);与SCSQ积极应对因子得分呈负相关(P<0.05),与消极应对因子得分呈正相关(P<0.05)。消防官兵犹豫迟疑和害怕失败因子得分越高,SCL-90总分越高(路径系数分别为0.28和0.35),且犹豫迟疑因子对消极应对有正向影响作用(路径系数为0.57)。消防官兵消极应对方式得分越高,其SCL-90总分越高(路径系数为0.54),且消极应对方式在犹豫迟疑和心理健康状况间起部分中介作用(路径系数>0.28)。结论消极完美主义人格的犹豫迟疑对消防官兵心理健康有抑制作用,且消极应对方式对犹豫迟疑和心理健康关系起中介作用;可通过减少消极应对方式提高消防官兵的心理健康水平。

Objective To explore the relationship among mental health,negative perfectionism and coping style of firefighters. Methods By stratified random sampling,404 firefighters at work were selected and investigated by SelfReporting Inventory（ SCL-90）,Negative Perfectionism Questionnaire（ ZNPQ） and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire（ SCSQ）. The relationship between control variables and results variables was analyzed by using correlation analysis and structural equation model. Results The SCL-90 total scores of firefighters were positively correlated with ZNPQ hesitate and fear of failure factors（ P〈0. 05）; was negatively correlated with SCSQ positive coping factor（ P〈0. 05）,and was positively correlated with negative coping factor（ P〈0. 05）. The higher score of the hesitation and fear of failure factors,the higher total score of SCL-90（ path coefficient were 0. 28 and 0. 35）. Hesitation had a positive predictive function to the negative coping styles（ path coefficient was 0. 57）. The higher score of the negative coping styles,the higher total score of SCL-90（ path coefficient was 0. 54）,and the negative coping styles have a mediation effect on the relationship between the fear of failure and firefighters ＇ mental health（ path coefficient was 〉0. 28）. Conclusion Negative perfectionism personality has negative effects in mental health. Firefighters＇ negative coping style is the part of the intermediary role between the hesitation subscale and mental health,by reducing negative coping style to suppress the symptoms of mental health and to promote mental health.