贵州境内乌江水电梯级开发联合生态调度

On ecological operation of cascade hydropower stations along Wujiang River in Guizhou province

为保护乌江干流水生生态系统,实现水能资源开发和生态环境双赢,进行乌江水电梯级开发联合生态调度。分析计算了乌江主要生态控制断面洪家渡、乌江渡和思林的最小、适宜及理想生态流量过程;构建了乌江干流梯级水电站多目标联合优化调度模型,采用智能优化算法对其进行求解。计算得到乌江干流9座水库多年平均发电量和典型年年发电量、3个主要控制断面的生态用水保证率及其典型年水库调度过程。结果表明,通过乌江干流梯级水电站联合优化调度,在保证水电站防洪安全和发电效益正常发挥的同时,可提高乌江干流生态流量保证率;对于偏枯年和枯水年,即使通过梯级水电站优化调度,其理想生态流量用水需求也难以满足。

In order to protect aquatic system health of Wujiang River and achieve the win-win goal of the water ener- gy resources development and ecological environment, the ecological operation of cascade hydropower stations along Wujiang River in Guizhou provience is studied. The minimum, suitable and ideal ecologically flow demands of the Hongjiadu, Wujiangdu and Silin stations were analyzed. And the multi-objective combination optimization scheduling model of Cascade Hydropower Stations there was built and solved. Mean annual and typical year generating capacity of 9 reservoirs are calculated. Ecological water period guaranteed rate and the scheduling process of 3 main control sec- tions are showed. The results show that this study can increase the ecological water period guaranteed rate of Wujiang River, as well as guarantee benefits of flood control and power generation. As for low flow year, it is hard to reach the ideal ecological flow demand.