南半球环状模对中国气候的影响研究进展

Review on the Impacts of the Southern Annular Mode on Climate over China

南半球环状模是南半球大气环流年际变异的主导模态。按照逻辑脉络梳理了半个多世纪以来南半球环状模对中国气候影响的研究进展。中国科学家很早就注意到南北半球之间存在相互作用,南半球环流能够通过越赤道气流调控东亚夏季风、进一步影响到中国气候。近年来,对南半球环状模遥相关效应的研究愈加深入,已有工作侧重于从太平洋通道和印度洋通道两个角度剖析环状模对中国气候的影响。环状模变异能够引发太平洋大气经圈环流调整、激发经向遥相关波列,从而引起西太平洋暖池和西太平洋副热带高压异常,最终导致中国气候变异,从而构建了太平洋路径;另一方面,环状模异常也能够借助"海洋桥"传播到热带印度洋和南海地区、再通过局地海洋-大气相互作用调控中国气候,从而构建了印度洋路径。两大路径之间存在相互调制。除此之外,南半球环状模对中国区域气候也有显著的影响。在总结前人研究的基础上,提出了今后值得深入探讨的几个问题,以期推动南半球环状模遥相关效应研究不断走向深入。

Southern Annular Mode（ SAM） is the leading mode of interannual variability of Southern hemispheric atmospheric circulation. Advances in the study of impacts of SAMon climate over China during the past decades are summarized based on the logic sequence. Chinese scientists have noticed Southern Hemisphere- Northern Hemisphere interaction in the early researches,and indicated that Southern hemispheric circulation could influence China’s climate through modulating East Asian summer monsoon. In recent years,studies on the teleconnective impacts of SAMhave gone deep. A large number of works investigated impacts of SAMon Chinese climate from two viewpoints,i. e. the Pacific pathway and the Indian Ocean pathway. Change of SAMis able to adjust meridional atmospheric circulation over Pacific and trigger meridional teleconnective wave train,and lead to climate anomalies over the western Pacific Warm Pool and anomalous western Pacific subtropical High,which finally induce variation of China’s climate. In such way,the Pacific pathway is established. Moreover,SAManomaly can also propagate to tropical Indian Ocean and the South China Sea with the help of oceanic tunnel,and affect Chinese climate through regional ocean-atmosphere interaction. Therefore,the Indian Ocean pathway also exists. The Pacific and Indian Ocean pathway can interact with each other. Besides,SAMis able to significantly influence regional climate over China. After summing up previous results,some valuable scientific issues and potential research topics in future studies are proposed in order to push the research of SAMteleconnection to move forward.