沙颍河流域主要参数与自然地理特征

Main parameters and physiographic characteristics of Shayinghe River Basin

沙颍河是淮河最大的支流,同时是污染最严重的支流。沙颍河流域人口密度大,工业化程度高,具有多闸坝、高污染、人类活动密集的典型特征。从目前的研究现状看,流域边界、面积、河流长度等主要参数尚无系统的梳理,基于自然地理分区的流域特征研究尚属空白。基于此,从地理学的角度,借助地理信息技术和统计学方法,结合实地调研,系统梳理流域主要参数;基于地形地貌、水文气象、土地利用和土壤数据,运用聚类分析、叠加处理等技术方法,将流域划分为3个一级自然地理区和13个二级自然地理亚区。在分区的基础上,对流域主要自然地理特征进行总结。研究成果对管理部门因地制宜地实行流域差别性管理具有重要的参考价值。

Shayinghe River is not only the largest tributary, but simultaneously also the most polluted tributary of Huaihe River. Shayinghe River Basin has a significant feature of large population density and high industrialization degree with more sluices and dams, high pollution and dense human activities. However, the main parameters of boundary, area, river length, etc. of the river basin are not systematically sorted out yet from the aspect of the status quo of the relevant studies, while the physiographic zoning-based study on the river basin characteristics is still almost in blank as well. On the basis of this, the main parameters of the river basin are systematically sorted out by means of geographic information technology and statistical methods in combination with the site investigation from the viewpoint of geography. In accordance with the data of topography, hydrology and meteorolo- gy, land use and soil, the river basin is divided into 3 class I physiographic zones and 13 class II physiographic sub-zones with the technical methods of cluster analysis and overlay processing. On the basis of zoning, the main physiographic characteristics of the river basin are summarized. The study result has an important reference value for the relevant authorities to implement the di- fferential management of the river basin according the local condition concerned.