克拉玛依市重复无偿献血人群分布分析

Analysis of the population distribution of repeated volunteer blood donors in Karamay

目的对18 593例克拉玛依市重复无偿献血者人群分布进行分析,为今后的无偿献血工作和宣传方式提供指导。方法收集2010年1月-2015年12月无偿献血者资料,结合献血登记表信息,对2次及2次以上重复无偿献血者按性别、年龄、献血方式、职业、文化程度等进行统计分析。结果 2010-2015年,在重复无偿献血者中男性占61.83%、女性占38.17%,男女性别比为1.62︰1;大学本科以上占54.71%,大学专科占21.7%;18-25岁、26-35岁、36-45岁、46-55岁、56-60岁各年龄组占比分别为23.8%、26.12%、37.93%、11.47%和0.68%,后2个年龄组与前组比较,差异存在统计学意义;企业员工、公务员、公司职员、自由职业者是无偿献血的主力军;自愿无偿献血明显多于有组织性献血。结论无偿献血者人群存在性别、年龄、职业、文化程度等显著差异,应根据不同人群制定不同的招募策略,发展长期、固定、重复的献血者队伍,确保临床用血安全。

Objective To analyze the population distribution in 18 593 cases of repeated volunteer blood donors in Karamay,in order to guide voluntary blood donation work and promotion in the future. Methods Data on volunteer donors from January 2010 to December 2015,combined with information on blood donation registration were collected for a statistical analysis of the repeated volunteers who donated blood for two times and more. These volunteers were categorized by gender,age,blood component,occupation,education level,etc. Results From 2010 to 2015,among the repeated blood donors,males accounted for 61. 83%,females accounted for 38.17%,the male to female ratio was 1. 62 ∶ 1. Bachelor degree or above accounted for 54. 71% and college degree accounted for 21. 7%. The age from 18 to 25,26 to 35,36 to 45,46 to 55 and 56 to 60 years old age group,respectively,accounted for 23. 8%,26. 12%,37. 93%,11. 47% and 0. 68%. The comparison between the latter two age groups and the former groups showed statistically significant difference. The employees of enterprises,civil servants,company employees,and freelancers comprise the main force of volunteer blood donors. They were notably more numerous than organized blood donors. Conclusion Because there are significant differences in gender,age,occupation,education levels among the volunteer blood donors,diverse recruit strategies should be planned to accommodate different interests. A long-term,fixed,repeated blood donor team should be established to ensure the safety of blood for clinical use.