中小学生体育锻炼安全风险指标评估体系的构建

Construction of evaluation system of safety risk index of physical exercise for primary and middle school students

目的探究青少年体育锻炼过程中的各种风险要素,以构建评估在校中小学生体育锻炼安全风险的指标体系。方法采用列表排序法和主次因素分析法,自编青少年体育锻炼安全风险评估表,采用逐项评分的方法来量化风险大小,并对抽取的93名长期从事青少年体育工作的专家、高校和中小学的一线教师及相关管理人员进行问卷调查。结果风险量均值中,排名第1的是"个体综合能力",其风险量为(42.25±4.57);排名第2的是"运动自然环境",其风险量为(35.66±3.16);排名第3的是"学校整体规划",其风险量为(28.51±3.96)。结论中小学生体育锻炼安全风险指标体系涉及学校、社会、家庭和个体多个维度。需有的放矢地应对和管理风险,以保证青少年体育锻炼的安全性。

Objective To explore the youth sports training in the process of various risk factors in order to construct ele-mentary and middle school students in physical exercise safety risk index system. Methods Using the list sorting method and the primary and secondary factor analysis method, with list sorting method based on the self-designed ＂youth sports exercise safety risk assessment table＂, the item by item score method were used to quantify the magnitude of risk. And questionnaire survey was given to 93 experts, teachers and the related administrative staff. Results Three comprehensive risk assessment of survey results, combined with the formula for the calculation of the amount of risk and eventually gains from risk value, ranked first was ＂individual comprehensive ability＂（42.25±4.57）. Ranked second was the ＂sports body environment＂（35.66±3.16）. The third was the overall planning of the school（ 28.51±3.96）. Conclusion Primary and middle school students＂ physical exercise safety risk index system relates to the school, society, family and individual multiple dimensions, only fully identify these sources of risk to the size of the further analysis and evaluation of the risk or severity to targeted response and risk management, fundamentally to ensure safety of youth physical activity.