新沂市中学生校园暴力行为调查

Violence in middle school campus in Xinyi city of Jiangsu

目的了解新沂市中学校园暴力行为现状,为制订有针对性的防治措施提供依据。方法分层整群抽取新沂市5所中学共计1 212名在校中学生,采用中国疾病预防控制中心设计的《中国青少年健康危险行为调查问卷》进行问卷调查,内容包含学生基本情况及9项校园暴力行为。结果 2013年度较2008年度校园暴力行为总发生率(65.2%与72.9%)明显下降(P<0.01);男生各种类型的校园暴力事件发生率均高于女生(P<0.05或P<0.01);初中生被恶意取笑(46.5%与35.3%),被索要财物(11.7%与7.1%),被威胁、恐吓(13.1%与8.0%),动手打架(34.5%与16.0%)等发生率及校园暴力行为(67.5%与35.3%)总发生率明显高于高中生,初中生被人开色情玩笑或做色情动作(18.1%与22.9%),上下学感到安全没有保障(19.6%与27.9%)等发生率明显低于高中生(P<0.05或P<0.01);城市与农村学生校园暴力行为总发生率(63.7%与66.6%)无明显差异(P>0.05),城市学生被威胁、恐吓(8.3%与13.9%),被打、踢、推、挤或关在屋里(6.3%与10.3%),上下学感到安全没有保障(20.3%与25.2%),动手打架(24.5%与30.4%)等发生率明显低于农村学生(P<0.05或P<0.01);学习成绩差的学生多种类型校园暴力行为发生率及校园暴力行为总发生率均高于中等生及优良生(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论校园暴力行为在中学生中发生率较高。应引起社会、政府、学校及家长等各方面重视,制定切实可行的措施以降低校园暴力行为发生率。

Objective To understand the school violence in Xinyi, and to provide basic framework for specific intervention. Methods Using stratified cluster sampling method, a total of 1 212 middle school students from 5 middle schools in Xinyi were selected. Chinese Adolescent Health Risk Behaviors Questionnaire including school violence was implemented among participants. Results Total incidence rate of campus violence in 2013 lower than that of the year 2008 （ 65.2% vs 72.9%） （P〈0.01） ; The inci- dence rate of various types of campus violence in male group was higher than that in female group （P〈0.01）; Junior high school group was higher than senior high schools, including malicious teasing （46.5% vs 35.3%）, blackmailing （11.7% vs 7.1%）, threatened, intimidation （ 13.1% vs 8.0%）, fighting （34.5% vs 16.0%） and total violence behavior （67.5% vs 35.3%）. However, junior high school had low rate in open sex jokes or pornographic movement （ 18.1% vs 22.9%）, feeling insecure commuting to school （ 19.6% vs 27.9%） ; There was no significant difference in the total incidence of violence between urban and rural groups （63.7% vs 66.6%, P〉0.05）, however, threating and intimidation （8.3% vs 13.9%）, beating, kicking, pushing, or confined to a room （6.3% vs 10.3%）, feeling insecure （20.3% vs 25.2%）, fighting （24.5% vs 30.4%） was significantly lower in urban area than that in rural area （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Violence behaviors were more common among academically inferior students （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Conclusion Campus violence is quite common. School-based violence prevention programs could reduce violence and improve the overall school environment.