呼和浩特市城乡汉族中小学生龋齿患病情况

Prevalence of dental caries among primary and middle school students in urban and rural areas of Hohhot in 2015

目的 了解2015年呼和浩特地区城乡汉族中小学生龋齿患病流行现状,为当地制定中小学生防龋策略提供科学依据。方法 采用分层随机整群抽样方法在呼和浩特4个城区和5个旗县每个区域随机抽取2所小学和2所中学,每所学校的各个年级随机抽取1个班的汉族学生为调查对象。以龋患率、龋失补构成比、龋均为调查指标,并与1995年呼和浩特和2005年全国中小学生龋齿患病资料进行比较分析。结果 本次调查受检7 888人,总龋患2 514人,总龋患率为31.87%,龋失补总牙数5 674颗,总龋均0.72。与1995年相比,男、女生及城乡学生总龋齿患病率均下降（χ^2值分别为229.440,260.295,29.179,12.016,P值均〈0.01）。与2005年全国中小学生龋齿患病资料差异不大。结论 呼和浩特地区城乡汉族中小学生龋患情况有所好转,但当地政府和相关部门仍然要加强学生和家长防治龋齿的宣传教育工作。

Objective To understand the prevalence of dental caries among primary and middle school students in urban and rural areas of Hohhot in 2015, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of dental caries. Methods There were 2 primary schools and 2 middle schools randomly selected in each region of Hohhot （ 4 districts and 5 counties）, and the sample were constituted with the Han students Which from 1 classes per grade in each school. The caries prevalence rate, the con- stituent ratio of dmf and DMF, and mean DMFT were indicators. The data of dental caries among primary and secondary school students were compared to those in Hohhot in 1995 and in China in 2005, respectively. Results There was a total of 7 888 sub- jects, the total prevalence rate of dental caries was 31.87%, the total number of dmft and DMFI＂ was 5 674, the mean DMFT was 0.72. The indicators were significantly lower than the prevalence of dental caries in primary and middle school students in Hohhot in 1995, and not significant in China in 2005. The prevalence of girls＂ dental caries were more serious than boys＇, and the deciduous caries was more serious than the permanent teeth, and the health of teeth was not ideal. Conclusion It has been improved that the prevalence of dental caries among primary and middle school students in urban and rural areas of Hohhot. However, in view of the above problems, the local government and relevant departments still need to strengthen the propaganda and education of students and parents to prevent dental caries.