西方大众文化理论的单向度倾向与二元对立格局研究——以法兰克福学派和伯明翰学派为例

Research on the One-dimensionality Tendency and Binary Opposition Pattern of Western Mass Culture Theory——Taking Frankfurt School and the Birmingham School as An Example

法兰克福学派和伯明翰学派关于大众文化研究的理论观点截然相反。前者认为大众文化是商业性、消费性、批量生产的文化,不具有审美价值和深刻思想,是一种文化工业;后者认为大众文化是真正能够表现大众特征的文化,大众自身的理性精神促使当前的大众文化形成正常发展趋势。英国的伯明翰学派和德国的法兰克福学派的大众文化研究表现出了鲜明的单向度倾向和二元对立格局,这种现象容易造成理论界对大众文化理解的困境。因此,改变大众文化理论研究当中的单向度倾向和二元对立格局是正确理解和评价大众文化的前提。

The opinion on the theory of mass culture study of the Frankfurt School is totally different from that of the Birmingham School . The former holds that mass culture is a commercial, consumer and mass production culture, which is not aesthetic value and profound thinking, and it is a cultural industry. The latter holds that the mass culture is truly able to express the characteristics of the public culture and the publics own rational spirit to promote . The current popular culture forms the normal development trend. The British Birmingham School and Frankfurt School of German popular culture research show a clear one-way tendency and duality of the opposition structure, likely to cause theorists to understand the plight of popular culture. Therefore. ,it is a prerequisite to understand and evaluate the mass culture in order to change the one-dimensional tendency and the dualistic structure of the popular culture theory.