民国初期青年学生对西沙群岛的认知及主权的维护

Youthful Students' Cognition and Maintenance of Xisha Islands' Sovereignty in the Early Republic of China

国人对于西沙群岛的认知和权益的维护,进入二十世纪初叶后出现了新的变化,这主要是青年学生对南海疆域的宣介和研究,在启迪民智、扩大对西沙群岛的社会认知上起到了一定作用。在"西沙事件"中,学生群体通过发表宣言和示威游行等活动,反对日人侵夺西沙权益,引起了琼崖社会各界及外省琼崖人士的共鸣和支持,南北报刊纷纷予以报道,使运动走向了全国,地方政府被迫做出让步。该运动使国人认识到西沙群岛地缘位置的重要,即群岛的得失关系到中国南大门的安危,这在一定意义上又是一次主权维护的教育运动。然而因学校地理教材的编纂欠缺,对青年学生认知南海疆域产生了一定误导作用。

In the early twentieth century, people＇ s cognition and maintenance of rights and interests about Xisha Islands turned to a new change,thanks to youthful students＇ publicity and research of South China Sea territory, which played a certain role in the enlightenment of people and the expansion of social cognition about Xisha Islands. In ＂Xisha Incident＂, the students carried on such activities as declarations,demonstrations and so on,to fight against Japanese invaders to trespass the rights and interests of Xisha, giving rise to the resonance and support from all sectors of the Qiongya society and the people from other provinces. As a result,the presses of both the north and south made one report after another for the students＇ movement, enabling the movement to be well- known all over the country so that the local government was forced to make concessions.The movement made the Chinese people realize the importance of the geographical position of Xisha Islands, That was to say,the gains and losses of the islands were related to the safety of the South Gate of China. In a sense,it was an educational movement of protecting sovereignty. However,the lack of compilation of school textbooks in geography misled the youngsters to recognize the territory of the South China Sea.