从大历史看国民党文化选择与转变的成败

A Reflection on the Koumintang's Success and Failure in Cultural Selection and Transition in the Perspective of Macro History

任何政党在领导政治革命和创建政权过程中,都必须做出明确的文化选择,把自己的政治纲领建筑在相应的文化"地基"之上。孙中山领导创建的国民党(包括其前身同盟会及其间组建过的中华革命党,以下提及国民党均指包括同盟会在内的广义的国民党),以彻底改造中国封建政权、建立现代性的中华民国为目标,自然也必须选择与之相应的文化体系作为一切政纲、政策和方针的基础。面对中国特殊历史环境下极为复杂的政治革命任务,国民党在革命不断遭遇严重阻碍时,曾对自己的文化选择作了反复调整,试图按选定的文化基础制定相应的大政方针,争取斗争目标的实现,但最终都未能成功。

All political parties have to make explicit cultural selections and construct their political programmes on the corresponding cultural foundation The Koumintang founded by Sun Yat-sen （including its predecessor --the Chinese Revolutionary League and the Chinese Revolutionary Party established during the same period, the ＇Koumintang＇ mentioned in the rest of the article refers to the Nationalist Party in the more general sense which includes the Chinese Revolutionary League ） aimed at reforming the Chinese feudal regime thoroughly and establish a modern Republic of China, and therefore it had to select a corresponding sultural system as thefoundation for all of its political programmes and policies. When serious hindrances ceaselessly appearred in the course of revolution, being faced with the complicated political and revolutionary mission under the special historic environment of China, the Koumintang had made repeated adjustment to its cultural selections and attempted to constitute the corresponding fundamental policies according to the selected cultural foundation, furthermore, the Koumintang atso strived for the realization of its struggle aim but eventually filed to succeed.