新型小区大豆脱粒机的设计

Optimization Design of a Soybean Thresher

目前国内小区育种收获主要以人工收割、普通脱粒机脱粒、清选机清选的分段式收获方式为主,这种收获方式存在收获周期长、大豆损失率高等缺点,而且普通大豆脱粒机籽粒破碎率高、易混种、难清机、容易导致育种试验数据失真。因此,本研究设计了一种新型小区大豆脱粒机,该脱粒机主要由传动部分、喂入部分、脱粒部分、清选部分组成,由交流电动机作为动力源提供动力输出,通过传动带将动力传递到板式脱粒滚筒,设置摩擦轮机构,实现脱粒机无极变速调节。大豆通过脱粒凹版实现籽粒与秸秆的分离,秸秆从一端通过稿草挡板排出机外,籽粒下落进入负压式气力清选机构,饱满的籽粒由于较重,落在第一个收集箱内,不饱满的籽粒会落在第二个收集箱内,从而实现了对大豆籽粒的精量分选。

The main way of domestic breeding district harvest includes artificial harvesting, common thresher threshing and machine cleaning, and this kind of harvesting is time consuming and have high loss rate. , The common soybean thresher have high seed breakage rate, difficult to clean and easy to mix, and result to high error of breeding data. Therefore, we designed a new type of small soybean thresher, the threshing machine is mainly composed of transmitting, feeding, threshing and cleaning parts, by AC motor as a power source to provide power output through a transmission belt transmits the power to the plate cylinder, set the friction wheel mechanism to realize stepless regulation of threshing machine, to realize the separation of soy- bean grain and straw by straw from the end of the threshing intaglio, straw baffle is discharged out of the machine, falling into the negative pressure type pneumatic grain cleaning mechanism, full grain due to relatively falls on the first collection box, not full grain will fall in the second collection box, so as to realize the precise separation of soybean grain.