南海南部季风的自动气象站观测系统设计

Design of Automatic Weather Station Observation System for Monsoon in the Southern South China Sea

为了更好地认识季风对南海南部海洋环境变化和生态系统变化的影响,在马来西亚的Bachok海洋站设计、安装了一种轻便型、耐腐蚀的海岸带自动气象站系统。该系统自动采集气温、气压、风速和风向、相对湿度、降水、太阳短波辐射和长波辐射共7个气象要素,将数据存入CF卡并通过串口主动上传至上位机,通过服务程序实时显示气象数据并上传气象数据至云服务器供用户下载。本系统利用实验室校准和最小二乘法的修正来保证数据质量,近一年的连续测试表明该系统的性能稳定,在2016-05纳入到全球气象观测区域站中。

In order to understand better the effects of the monsoon on the marine envi- ronment and ecosystem changes in the Southern South China Sea, a lightweight and cor- rosion-resistant coastal automatic weather station system was designed and built at the Bachok Ocean Station in Malaysia. This system can automatically collect seven key me- teorological parameters such as air temperature, air pressure, wind speed and direction, relative humidity, rainfall and solar short- and long- wave radiations. All these data can be stored in the CF card and actively uploaded to the host computer through the serial port, and then through a service program the host computer can display in real-time the meteorological parameters and upload the data to the cloud server for users to down- load. The system uses laboratory calibration and least-squares refinement to ensure the data quality. It has been shown from almost a year of continuous testing that the per- formance of the system is stable. In May 2016, this system was incorporated into the regional station for global meteorological observation.