2010～2012年我国城市育龄妇女维生素A营养状况分析

EVALUATION OF THE VITAMIN A STATUS IN WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE FROM CHINESE CITIES DURING 2010-2012

目的了解我国城市育龄妇女维生素A（VA）营养状况。方法资料来源于2010-2012年中国居民营养与健康状况调查。采用多阶段分层与人口成比例的整群随机抽样方法抽样,调查对象为我国34个大城市和41个中小城市18-44岁育龄妇女。采用高效液相色谱法测定育龄妇女血清中VA含量。应用SAS 9.2软件进行统计分析。结果显示我国城市育龄妇女的VA平均水平为（1.67±0.73）μmol/L,VA边缘缺乏率为12.9%（95%CI：11.3%-14.6%）、VA缺乏率为4.3%（95%/CI：3.3%-5.4%）、VA严重缺乏率为0.7%（95%CI：0.3%-1.2%）。大城市育龄妇女VA平均水平为（1.61±0.73）μmol/L,VA边缘缺乏率为14.4%（95%CI：11.8%-17.2%）、VA缺乏率为6.1%（95%CI 4.5%-8.1%）、VA严重缺乏率为0.7%（95%CI：0.2%-1.6%）;中小城市育龄妇女VA平均水平为1.72±0.72μmol/L,VA边缘缺乏率为11.8%（95%CI：9.8%-14.0%）、VA缺乏率为2.9%（95%CI：1.9%-4.2%）、VA严重缺乏率为0.6%（95%CI：0.2%-1.4%）。大城市育龄妇女VA水平显著低于中小城市育龄妇女VA水平.结论我国城市育龄妇女VA营养状况处于轻度缺乏,与十年前相比VA缺乏率有所升高,应该加以重视。

Objective To investigate vitamin A（VA） status in women of childbearing age from Chinese cities during 2010-2012. Methods All the data in this study came from the National Nutrition and Health Survey 2010-2012. By using multi-stage stratified sampling and population proportional stratified random sampling method, participants from 34 big cities and 41 middle-sized and small cities who were 18-44 years and had completed personal biochemical information data were included in this study. All blood samples were determined with HPLC and the data were analyzed by software SAS 9.2. Results In 2010-2012, the serum VA level of women of childbearing age from Chinese urban areas was （1.67±0.73） μmol/L, and the rate of VA marginal deficiency, deficiency and severe deficiency was 12.9% （95%CI： 11.3%-14.6%）, 4.3% （95%Ch 3.3%-5.4%） and 0.7% （95%CI： 0.3%-1.2%）, respectively. For big city, the serum VA level of women of childbearing age was （1.61±0.73）μmol/L, and the rate of marginal deficiency, deficiency and severe deficiency was 14.4% （95%Ch 11.8%-17.2%）, 6.1% （95%CI： 4.5%-8.1%） and 0.7% （95%CI： 0.2%-1.6%）, respectively; for middle-sized and small cities, the serum VA level of women of childbearing age was （1.72±0.72） μmol/L, and the rate of marginal deficiency, deficiency and severe deficiency was 11.8% （5%CI： 9.8%-14.0%）, 2,9% （95%Ch 1.9%-4.2%） and 0.6% （95%CI： 0.2%-1.4%）, respectively. The serum VA level of women of childbearing age from the big cities was significantly higher than from the middle-sized and small cities. Conclusion The current VA status of women of childbearing age from Chinese cities was slight deficiency. Effective measures still should be taken to prevent and control VA deficiency. [ACTA NUTRIMENTA SINICA, 2016, 38（6）： 537-540, 545]