上海市中小学生预包装零食消费现况分析

THE CONSUMPTION OF PRE-PACKAGED SNACK AMONG PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SHANGHAI

目的了解上海市中小学生预包装零食的消费现况及其特点,为开展中小学生预包装零食行为干预提供依据。方法采用横断面调查研究,分层随机抽取上海市5个区10所中小学各年级学生共1061名,其中男生543名,女生518名;采用频率问卷调查的方法,调查中小学生过去6月预包装零食的食用频率及每次平均食用量。结果排在前四位的预包装零食报告消费率依次为:糖果巧克力类(89.5%)、饼干(88.0%)、西式糕点类(85.8%)和膨化食品类(84.6%)。中小学生每天通过预包装零食摄入能量的中位数为997 kJ,蛋白质4.4g,脂肪11.7g,碳水化合物26.9g,钠232mg。通过预包装零食摄入的能量及营养素主要来源于饼干类、膨化食品类、西式糕点类、肉鱼类、豆类制品和坚果类。结论上海市中小学生预包装零食来源的能量和宏量营养素平均摄入量处在合理水平,但部分学生预包装零食摄入过多。学校、营养健康工作者及家长应相互沟通,帮助中小学生合理地选择预包装零食。

Objective To understand the consumption status of pre-packaged snack by students and describe the consumption characteristics of pre-packaged snack of students in Shanghai, and provide basis for intervention of snacking behavior. Methods A total of 1061 （543 boys, 518 girls） students from 10 primary and secondary schools in five districts of Shanghai were selected by a stratified random sampling. Information on pre-packaged snack consumption within the past six months was obtained through questionnaire. Results The top four reported consumption rate of pre-packaged snacks were candy and chocolate （89.5%）, biscuits （88.0%）, western-style cakes （85.8%）, and puffed foods （84.6%）. The median intake of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate and sodium from pre-packaged snacks were 997 kJ/d, 4.4 g/d, 11.7 g/d, 26.9 g/d, and 232 mg/d, respectively. The intake of energy and nutrients by pre-packaged snacks were mainly from biscuits, puffed foods, western-style cakes, meat, soy products, and nuts. Conelusion The average amount of energy and macronutrients intake from pre-packaged snack were at a reasonable level. But some students consume excessive pre-packaged snacks. Schools, nutrition workers and parents should communicate with each other to help students choose healthier pre-packaged snack. [ACTA NUTRIMENTA SINICA, 2016, 38（6）： 546-549,555]