显微根尖手术教学模具的制备与应用

Preparation and application of educational model for microscopic periapical surgery

目的探讨一款合适的显微根尖手术相关教学模具的设计方法,以满足显微根尖手术实验教学的需要。方法已完善根管治疗的离体牙放入翻模模具(橡胶模具)的牙槽中,将红蜡片加热后,手指捏搓成0.5 cm直径的圆球,置于牙根上,并压紧固定;将模盖子上的螺丝和铁片拧紧,使用超硬石膏加水顺时针搅拌均匀;将石膏注入模具并盖上模具盖,用2.5 kg重物压紧20 min,重新拧松螺丝打开模具盖,开盖后等待石膏彻底干透,取出石膏,将制作好的石膏牙模安装到仿真头模上,即可供使用。对显微根尖手术实验室操作受训者发放问卷调查并进行统计。结果灌制出的石膏牙模在仿真头模上可直接使用,并可模拟出根尖区囊肿的范围及大小,所有操作流程均模拟了显微根尖手术的临床操作过程。对操作受训者的问卷调查表明,100%被调查者认为改良后的石膏牙模在仿头模上的教学更为接近临床操作,87.5%学员希望在现有基础上进一步改良和增加显微根尖手术学习器材。结论显微根尖手术是目前临床上较为常用的牙髓治疗扩展技术之一,本研究成功设计出教学模具在仿真头模上可直接使用,方便实验室开展不同牙齿相应的显微根尖手术教学。

Objective To design a suitable microscopic periapical surgery related teaching mould to meet the need of dental laboratory education and solve related problem existed in research and clinical work. Methods The exsomatized teeth after root canal therapy were put on the alveolar of cavity block. The heated red wax was crumpled a small ball with a 0.5 cm diameter,and then were placed at the top of the teeth root and tightly compressed. The screw and sheet iron of the cavity block were tightly screwed down,The superhard plaster was clockwise stirred in water,and then was filled into cavity block and covered it with a lid that was pressed using a 2.5 kg object for 20 min. Subsequently,the screw of cavity block was turned off,and the dry superhard plasterwas put it into head-simulators for use. A questionnaire investigation was carried out among 24 microscopic periapical surgery operator trainees. Results The plaster teeth mould can be used in head-simulator directly,and imitated the range and the size of apical cyst and the treatment procedure of microscopic periapical surgery. In this questionnaire, 100%respondents believed that the head-simulator training course with improved plaster teeth mould is much close to clinical operation,while 87.5% trainees suggested more learning equipments of microscopic periapical surgery with further improvement are expected. Conclusions Microscopic periapical surgery is an extend technique of endodontic treatment commonly used in clinic. This educational model can be used in head-simulators and benefit to the experiment teaching of microscopic periapical surgery in different tooth.