功能性堆肥对淮山药产量品质和土壤的影响

Effect of compost on the soil and yied, quality of Dioscorea opposite

为了探讨功能性堆肥对淮山药生长、品质及产量的影响,本试验以"大和长芋"山药为试材,采用单因素完全随机设计,设置了20、40、60 t/hm2 3个梯度的堆肥添加量,研究了其对淮山药的茎粗、光合速率、品质、产量以及土壤理化性质、酶活性、根际微生物菌落数量的影响.结果表明:施用功能性堆肥后,增加茎粗,提高叶绿素含量,增强光合速率;显著提高淮山药蛋白质、淀粉、可溶性总糖和灰分含量,降低水分含量,显著提高土壤中碱解N、速效P和速效K含量,降低p H值,增加EC,增加土壤中微生物数量,提高土壤酶活性,增产18.6%~28.55%,提高经济效益21.23%~34.28%,其中最适宜堆肥为60 t/hm^2.

In order to discuss the effect of functional compost on growth, quality and production of Dioscorea opposite, with ＂Dahechangyu＂ yam as tested sample, using complete random with single factor method with 20 t/hm2,40 t/hm2 and 60 t/hm2 compost, this paper analyzed the effects on stem diameter, photosynthetic rate, quality, production, soil physical and chemical properties, enzyme activity and rhizosphere microorganism colony number. It had showed that after using functional compost, the stem diameter, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate increased; protein, starch, total soluble sugar and ash content of Dioscorea opposite significantly increased and water content of it decreased; alkali-soluble-n, available p, available k, EC, microorganism number, enzyme activity of soil increased and p H decreased. Production of 18.6%-28.55%, and improve the economic benefit of 21.23%-34.28%.The best compost proportion was60 t/hm2.