产品出口复杂度与企业出口模式选择

Export Product Complexity and the Mode Choice of Export

将贸易中间商因素纳入新新贸易理论的分析框架,企业选择直接出口模式还是间接出口模式的议题已成为学界研究热点。该文利用中国海关企业出口层面的面板数据,就产品出口复杂度对企业出口模式选择的影响进行实证分析。研究结果表明:从总体上看,产品出口复杂度与企业出口模式之间呈显著的负相关,这与现有文献认为生产低复杂度产品的中小企业倾向于利用中间商间接出口的结论基本相符;进一步进行面板分位数回归后发现,出口复杂度较高和较低的那部分产品都倾向间接出口,这一方面从产品层面上证实了贸易中间商帮助中小企业出口的已有文献的结论,同时表明贸易中间商亦显著促进了高复杂度产品的出口,贸易中间商在出口中的作用存在一定程度的低估;出口复杂度中等的产品与间接出口份额不相关。以上结论为贸易中间商在高复杂度产品出口领域的促进作用提供了直接的经验证据,并提出以上海自贸试验区建设为契机,培育贸易中间商以促进出口产品质量升级的若干政策建议。

It is one of hot academic issues to explore the export mode of enterprises under new-new trade theory analytic framework with the intermediary brought in.This paper analyzes the impact of export complexity on export mode choices on the basis of Chinese custom database of firm level.The results indicate that enterprises providing products with the highest or lowest complexity level tend to choose trade intermediaries,and the trade intermediaries contribute a lot to the export of high complexity products especially.Although the exports of medium complexity products are not associated with indirect export share,the role of the intermediaries in the export trade was underestimated.Therefore,the paper puts forward some policy suggestions on fostering trade intermediaries to promote export quality upgrading by the platform of Shanghai Free Trade Zone.