四川小麦条锈病菌贵农22致病类群流行对小麦品种抗性的影响

Resistance Breakdown of Wheat Varieties in Sichuan caused by Epidemic of Gu-22 Virulence Group of Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici

为了解小麦条锈病菌贵农22致病类群在四川流行后小麦品种田间抗性表现,将134份抗条锈基因载体材料和84份四川小麦生产品种,播种于四川省盐亭县黄溪乡、郫县太清镇和江油市武都镇病圃,乳熟后期调查。结果表明,Lee(Yr7,Yr22,Yr23,YrLe1,YrLe2)、Heines Kolben(Yr2,Yr6)、T.spelta album(Yr5)、Hybrid 46(Yr3b,Yr4b,YrH46)、Hobbit(Yr3,Yr4)、VPM1(Yr17)、Renan、Alba(YrAlba)、Avocet S*6/Yr15、Jupateco R Yr18、Kalyansona Yr2、Palula Yr30、Opata 85 YrSk、C591(Yr591)、Armada、Reichersberg 42和中四等17份材料,川麦45、川麦58、川农19、川农27、川育18、川育20、川育23、国豪麦3号、绵麦43、绵阳29号、先麦99和玉脉1号等12份四川小麦生产品种,连续两年中在各病圃均表现抗病;该致病类群流行前表现抗病的贵农22(Yr10)、兰天17(Yr26)和铭贤169*6/Yr10等材料和品种的抗性已丧失作用。品种抗性监测结果表明,贵农22致病类群流行过程中毒性不断增强。

To investigate the impacts of the epidemics of the virulence mutants Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici infecting Guinong 22 in Sichuan, 218 wheat varieties and resistance donors were plante in the disease nurseries located at Yanting, Pixian and Jiangyou. The result showed that the disease symptoms at the late milky stage had 16 resistance donors including Lee （ Yr7, Yr22, Yr23, YrLel, YrLe2 ） , Heines Kolben （Yr2, Yr6）, Triticum spelta album （Yr5）, Hybrid 46 （Yr3b, Yr4b, YrH46）, Hobbit （Yr3, Yt4）, VPM1 （Yr17）, Renan, Alba （YrAlba） , Avocet S ＊ 6/Yr15, Jupateeo R Yr18, Kalyansona Yr2, Palula Yr30, Opata 85 YrSk, C591 （Yr591） , Armada, Reiehersberg 42, Zhongsi, and 12 registered commercial varieties such as Chuanmai 45, Chuanmai 58, Chuannong 19, Chuannong 27, Chuanyu 18, Chuanyu 20, Chuanyu 23, Guohaomai 3, Mianmai 43, Mianyang 29, Xianmai 99 and Yumai 1 were consistently resistant at the adult stage in the disease nurseries both in 2014 and 2015. Susceptible symptoms were found on three originally resistant donors including Guinong 22 （YrlO） , Lantian 17 （Yr26） and Mingxian 169 ＊ 6/Yr10. The monitoring of the breakdown of ressitance in registered commercial varieties has indicated the increase of the virulence of the Gu-22 virulence group.