中日新闻标题时体标记省略的考察——以《人民日报》和“NHK新聞”为例

A Study on the Ellipses of Tense-aspect Marking in Chinese and Japanese News Titles——Taking People's Daily and NHK News as Examples

以《人民日报》和『NHK新闻』为例,对中日两国的新闻标题的时体标记的缺省进行了考察并得到以下结果:中文新闻标题很少使用动态助词"了"、"着"、"过"这样的语法标记。但在以下三种情况中出现了"了":1.单音节动词后的"了"。2.单音节形容词后的"了"。3.直接引用文中双音节动词后的"了"。同时,在表示"持续"体意义时,新闻标题也不使用"着",而使用"正"、"在"这样的时间副词。在日语新闻标题中,几乎不使用「た」、「ている」、「ていた」的形式,而均用动词的「る形」来表示。另外,在日语新闻标题中经常省略汉语动词后的「する」,或是以一些和语动词名词化后的形式结尾。在表示将来时,用「へ」这一助词来表示。

This thesis studies the ellipses of tense-aspect marking in Chinese and Japanese News Titles by collecting and analyzing the newstitles of the online edition of People＇s Daily and NHK News in 2016. Different from the previous studies on tense and aspect, this thesis focuses on a special context--- news titles. It discusses the usages of three dynamic auxiliaries ＂zhao＂, ＂liao＂ and ＂guo＂ and analyzes the similarities and differences in using the tense-aspect marking in Chinese and Japanese titles by comparing the examples in news titles, with a view to helping Japanese learners to have a better understanding of the Japanese news titles.