偏心-椭圆齿轮行星轮系栽植装置动力学优化与试验

Dynamics Optimization and Experiment of Planting Device Driven by Planetary Eccentric Gears and Elliptic Gears

为获得偏心-椭圆齿轮行星轮系栽植装置最优的机构参数,在建立其动力学分析模型的基础上,以一个作业循环中支座垂直方向所受作用力的峰值力和波动最小为目标建立其动力学优化模型。为验证所建立的动力学分析模型的可靠性,以该装置满足理想栽植要求的非劣解集为约束条件,运用所建立的动力学优化模型优化得到该装置最优的机构参数,进而基于最优机构参数搭建试验台进行动力学特性测试,测得了该栽植装置在工作转速为40 r/min时一个工作循环中支座垂直方向受力与行星架转角的关系,通过试验结果和理论结果的对比分析,表明其动力学分析模型是可靠的,可为其动力学优化提供可靠数学模型。

Planting devices driven by double-stage planetary non-circular gear pairs can meet the requirements of ideal planting better. A total of 25 kinds of planting devices can be obtained by using gear pair composed of elliptic gear and conjugated non-circular gear,eccentric gear and conjugated noncircular gear,Pascal curve non-circular gears,Fourier curve non-circular gears or sinusoidal non-circular gears,which were used to design this type of planting device. To quickly and easily get structural parameters that can make the planting devices meet the requirements of ideal planting,kinematic multiobjective parameter optimization model was established,but the optimization results were a set of Pareto solutions. To obtain the optimal structural parameters,dynamic analysis and optimization should be implemented. So the planting device driven by eccentric gears and elliptic gears,whose first-stage planetary gear pair was composed of eccentric gear and conjugated non-circular gear and second-stage planetary gear pair was composed of elliptic gear and conjugated non-circular gear,was chosen as the research object. Its dynamic analysis model and optimization model were deduced firstly. Then dynamic optimization of this device was implemented and the optimal structural parameters were obtained. During the process of optimization,the constraint conditions were got form its Pareto solutions of kinematic optimization. A test bed for measurement of dynamics characteristics of planting device was manufactured based on the optimal parameters,and the force on the support was tested when the speed was 40 r / min.The comparison between the results of test and theoretical analysis showed that the dynamic analysis model was reliable and it was able to provide reliable mathematical model for dynamic optimization. The research also provided theoretical basis and experiment instructs for other kinds of planting devices driven by double-stage planetary non-circular gear pairs.