大连市社区老年人跌倒发生现况调查

Investigation of elderly people fall- injury current occurrence in community of Dalian

目的:了解大连市社区老年人跌倒的发生流行特点与规律,为进一步开展老年人跌倒的干预工作提供依据。方法:在大连市某街道所辖的6个社区,选择符合条件的60岁及以上老年人,采用系统抽样方法抽取1500名老年人进行调查。结果:预计调查1500人,收回有效问卷1454份,有效应答率为96.9%。在被调查的老年人中,1年内共有289位老年人发生过352次跌倒,跌倒率为23.2%,其中男性跌倒率为19.5%,女性跌倒率为25.6%,其性别构成差异有统计学意义(x^2=5.8,P=0.016);多数老年人跌倒发生在室内(44.6%),不同性别的老年人跌倒发生地点的构成无差异;老年人跌倒损伤部位以四肢最多见,其次为躯干和头面部;老年人跌倒发生率随着年龄的增大而增加,趋势明显(rs=0.886,P=0.013);随着文化程度的增高,人群跌倒率下降(rs=-0.90,P=0.037)。结论:大连市社区老年人跌倒发生率和跌伤的比例均较高,严重威胁老年人的身心健康。

Objective： To study the current occurrence of fall- injury in community of Dalian,to provide direction for intervention measures for fall- injury. Methods： The survey was conducted in 6 communities in Dalian City,using systematic sampling method to investigate 1500 people who were 60 years of age and older. Results： Expected to investigate 1500 people,1454 valid questionnaires were collected,the effective response rate was 96. 9%. There were 289 elderly people happened to fall 352 times in one year,The fall rate was23. 2%,and the male was 19. 5%,the female was 25. 6%,the gender difference was statistically significant（ x^2= 5. 8,P = 0. 016）;Most elderly people fallen in the house（44. 6%）,no difference in the different gender of the elderly in the place of occurrence of falls;Most injuries were limps,followed by trunks and heads; The incidence of falls in elderly people increased with age,and the trend was obvious（ rs= 0. 886,P = 0. 013）; With the increase of the education degree,the rate of fall was decrease（ rs=- 0. 90,P = 0. 037）Conclusions： In the communities of Dalian,the elderly incidence of fall and injuries were high,seriously threatening the physical and mental health of the elderly people.