社会转型时期英国工商业组织的模式变化——以伦敦12大制服公会为样本分析

Transformation of the England Industrial and Commercial Organization in Transition——Based on the London Twelve Great Livery Companies

从手工业行会到公会的转变正值英国社会从封建时代向资本主义过渡,作为伦敦大公会中势力最强影响最大的典型代表——伦敦12大制服公会,产生和发展不仅是行会制度为适应社会转型而出现的必然结果,同时也反映了该时期英国社会经济、政治、文化生活等各领域的本质特征。伦敦12大制服公会的出现遵循着两条道路,无论那一条,最终都使它们成为商业因素占主导的大公会,显示出这一时期商业资本战胜手工业资本的优势。

The emergence and development of the London Twelve Livery Companies was not only the inevitable result of the guild system adapt to the social transformation , but the reflection of the essential characteristics of the British social economy, politics, cul- ture and other fields of life at that time as well. As the great companies whose commercial factors take the dominant feature, they showed the advantages of the commercial capital overcoming the industrial capital.