摘要
通过对比研究中国及与之邻近的日本和韩国的电子废物回收和进出口管理政策和制度的核心内容及电子废物流向现状发现,与日韩生产者责任延伸制度相比,中国的生产者责任更多地体现在经济层面,而没有直接参与回收处理实际操作层面,以个体回收为主导的回收方式不利于流向监管和效果评估。在电子废物越境转移方面,日韩向中国等发展中国家出口电子废物的需求持续存在;中国虽严格管制电子废物进口,但与二手产品进口未能统一管理,并缺乏废旧产品鉴别标准,容易造成电子废物进口监管漏洞。最后,对中国电子废物管理提出建议:(1)在立法上进一步强化生产者责任承担,并加强对各种回收渠道的监管;(2)评估和完善电子废物与二手产品进口管理。
Comparative study in the management policy on e-waste recycling & transboundary movement (TBM) ,and the status of e-waste flows in China,Japan and Korea was reported in this work. When compared with the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) system in Japan and Korea,producers' extended responsibility in China was mainly laid in financial level, rather than in participating the collecting or recycling practical activities. E-waste collection activity in China was still dominated by private sector, which made it difficult for e-waste flow supervision and collection performance evaluation. With respect to the e-waste TBM,the demand for e-waste export from Japan and Korea to developing countries, such as China, still existed. Despite the strict restrictions on import of e-waste in China, there were still some loopholes, because of the un-unified management of second-hand products and e-waste import and the absence of standard on e-waste and second-hand products distinction. Suggestions on China's e-waste management implementation were proposed based on this study:(1) strengthening producers' extended responsibilities on e-waste and supervision on e-waste collectors; (2) assessing and improving import management of e--waste and second-hand products.
出处
《环境污染与防治》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第1期102-105,110,共5页
Environmental Pollution & Control
基金
港澳台科技合作专项项目“典型电子废物处理处置技术合作研究”(No.2014DFM90170)
关键词
中国
日本
韩国
电子废物
管理
越境转移
China
Japan
Korea
e-waste
management
transboundary movement