木质素制备低成本碳纤维的研究进展

Review on the Low-Cost Carbon Fiber from Lignin as Precursors

随着石油资源的日益短缺,生物质资源的开发和利用显得尤为重要。木质素作为第二大天然高分子,来源广泛,价格低廉,其高达60%以上的含碳量,是制备碳纤维的理想原料。因此,基于木质素基碳纤维重要的应用价值和广阔的市场前景,文中详细综述了木质素为前驱体制备碳纤维的研究进展。木质素基碳纤维的制备包括:木质素的提取、前驱体的制备、原丝的预氧化和氧化原丝的碳化阶段,重点分析了木质素作为碳纤维前驱体存在的不足及解决方法。并对今后该领域的研究方向进行了展望。

With the growing shortage of petroleum resources, it is particularly important to develop and utilize biomass resources. As the second most＇abundant bio-macromolecules in nature after cellulose, lignin is the ideal raw materials for preparing carbon fibers With advantages sueh as wide variety of sourees, low price as well as carbon content up to 60 %. Therefore, based on the important application value and broad market prospects of lignin-based carbon fiber, the research progress on the preparation of carbon fiber was reviewed of which the precursor is lignin. The preparation of lignin-based carbon fiber includes： the extraction of lignin, the preparation of precursor, thermostabilization and carbonization. It focused on the existing problems and possible solutions with lignin as precursor. Finally, the trend of future research and development in the field were prospected.