15个杜鹃花品种叶片解剖和表型数量分类研究

Leaf Anatomical Structures and Numerical Classification of 15 Azalea Cultivars

以15个杜鹃花品种为材料,对其叶片组织结构和形态学特征观察,对42个特征性状进行数量分类研究,为杜鹃花的品种分类和优良品种选育提供参考。首先对42个性状指标进行R型聚类分析和主成分分析,去掉相关性较大且累积贡献率较小的性状指标,然后对15个杜鹃花品种进行Q型聚类分析。结果表明,R型聚类结果显示,除上表皮细胞长、上表皮细胞宽、气孔宽和孔径相关外,各性状相对独立;主成分分析结果显示,前7个主成分累计贡献率为81.809%,共提取11个主成分,累计贡献率为95.092%,主要反映了杜鹃花的分枝特性、花期、花形、花色、叶形、叶片大小、叶片质地等;Q型聚类结果显示,15个杜鹃花品种按花朵大小、分枝特性分为2大类,又由喉斑特性、花朵繁密状况分为3类,最后根据花期、花形、花色分为6个组。

The foliar anatomical structures and morphological characters of 15 azalea cultivars were ob- served. R-type cluster and principal component analysis were adopted in 42 characters. Twenty nine characters were further selected to conduct the classification of azaleas with Q-type cluster analysis based on the results of R-type cluster and principal analysis. In addition to the epidermal cells, skin cells on width, porosity and pore size, various characters were relatively independent. Eleven principal components were extracted, the cumulative contribution rate was 95. 092% ,mainly reflected the azalea branch characteristics,flowering,flower shape,color, leaf shape,leaf size,leaf texture,and so on. According to the results of Q-type cluster, 15 azalea cultivars were divided into two categories based on flower size and branch character,and divided into three categories by larynx spot features and flowers,at last divided into six groups according to the flowering, flower shape, and color. The results would provide references for breeding and classification of azalea.