哈尔滨市常见绿化树种叶表面形态与滞尘能力的关系

Relationships between Leaf Epidermal Morphology and Dust Capacity of Common Street Trees in Harbin Municipality

以哈尔滨常见的25种绿化树种为对象,通过测定单位叶面积滞尘量和扫描电镜观察、比较不同植物单位叶面积滞尘能力及其与叶表面形态结构的关系。结果表明,乔木中桑、梓单位叶面积滞尘量较大,灌木中金山绣线菊、珍珠绣线菊、榆叶梅、金焰绣线菊、锦带花单位叶面积滞尘量最大。通过扫描电镜观察发现细胞排列不规则形成的脊状或浅波状起伏、小室或沟槽等结构及曲折的细胞轮廓线利于固定颗粒物;较深的纹饰、分布不均匀的蜡质层利于滞留颗粒物;叶表皮毛密度越大,滞尘能力越高。

In this study,we selected 25 species of the common street trees in Harbin tO determine their dustretaining capabilities and to observe and compare their leaf surface morphologies by using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that among the arbors,Morus alba and Catalpa ovata were found to have higher amounts of dust retained per unit leaf area. For shrubs,they were Spiraeabunmalba ＇Goldmound＇, S. thunbergii,Arnygdalus triloba, Spiraea bunrnalba ＇ Goldflame＇ , and Weigela florida. We observed that ridgelike or shallow waviness, cellular structure in the small room or grooves and tortuous cell contour that were formed by irregular cell arrangement were in favor of fixing particulate matter. Deeper ornamentation, the uneven distribution of the waxy layer was in favor of retaining particulate matter. The dust retention increased with the increase of the amount of hair.