农民集中居住社区“占地种菜”现象的社会学思考——基于河南省新乡市P社区个案研究

A Sociological Thinking of “Growing Vegetable by Occupying Land” in Farmers' Concentrated Residential Communities—A Case Study on P Community in Xinxiang City of Henan Province

农民集中居住社区"占地种菜"现象具有相当的普遍性,它既是一种经济行为,也是一种社会行为。通过以河南省新乡市农民集中居住社区P社区为研究个案,对农民集中居住区"占地种菜"现象进行系统性考察,可以发现"占地种菜"的发生机制表现为居住空间转变下庭院经济的延续、农耕文化的沿袭、日常生活休闲娱乐及社会交往的需要,是社区治理缺位与地方性共识共同作用的结果。透过这一微观现象思考就地城镇化过程中社区营造、生计转型、留守劳动力安置问题,发现社区营造应当考虑农民需求及传统文化,生计转型也应当通过居住、产业、生计三者之间的协调发展得以实现,留守劳动力安置的实现则需要区域产业在考虑人口特征的基础上进行多元化发展。

The phenomenon of 'growing vegetable by occupying land'in farmers' concentrated residential communities is quite common. This is not only an economic behavior,but also a social behavior. This paper will have a systematical study on the phenomenon by taking a case of P community in Xinxiang city of Henan Province. There have three reasons of the phenomenon: the first is that courtyard economy continues as the residential space has changed. the second is that the farming culture has been followed. the last is that the farmers need to have daily leisure and social intercourse. And the interaction between the absence of community governance and the local consensus could keep the phenomenon lasting. Considering the problems through the microscopic phenomena,such as communities building,livelihoods transition and problem of Left labor placement in the process of rural urbanization,we can draw following conclusions:community building should consider the needs of farmers and traditional culture;the transition of livelihood should be achieved through coordinated development among residence,industry and livelihood;Left- behind labor placement could be achieved through regional industry's multi- development considering demographic characteristic.