彭玉麟的海防思想及其实践

On Peng Yu-lin's Thought of Coast Defense and Its Practice

彭玉麟是晚清海防建设的重要人物。他在整顿江防、筹划自强之计后,主张"海防与边防既须并设",提出了"江海相表里"的防务思想,并在中体西用的指导下,规划了海防建设方略。后奉诏赴粤布防,力主以守为战。文章把他与李鸿章的海防思想进行比较,以凸显其特点。他在海防实践中不免有缺陷,如排斥西洋事物、缺乏领海意识等,但他毕竟为海防近代化作出了有益的探索,其爱国保疆意识、民本主义和崭新的海防观直到今天仍有借鉴意义。

Peng Yu-lin is an important character in the coast defense construction in the late Qing Dynasty. After reorganized the river defense and made a self-improvement plan, he proposed that ＂the coast defense and border protection should be con- structed together＂ and put forward the defense thought of ＂the exterior and interior of river and sea＂. And he planed the strate- gy of coast defense construction under the guidance of Chinese culture and western science and technology. Later, he went to Guangdong to implement the deployment acting under the imperial order and advocated to keep defense as fighting. This article compared his thought of coast defense with that of Li Hong-zhang to highlight its features. He still had defects in the practice of coast defense, such as exclusion of western things, lacking of the awareness of the territorial sea and so on. However, he, af- ter all, has made useful exploration of the modernization of the coast defense, and his awareness of patriotism and border pro- tection, humanism and new views of coast defense still has references until nowadays.