妊娠期鼻炎的临床特点和治疗探讨

Clinical characteristics and treatment of pregnancy rhinitis

目的总结妊娠期鼻炎患者的临床表现和特点,探讨可能的治疗方式。方法选取本院2012年1月~2015年1月接诊的53例妊娠期鼻炎患者为研究对象,记录一般临床资料。所有患者予以生理海水鼻喷剂喷鼻治疗4周。分别于治疗前后、产后42 d及产后3个月对所有患者进行症状视觉模拟评分(VAS)和鼻阻力测定。结果妊娠期鼻炎以鼻塞为主要临床表现,伴或不伴流涕、打喷嚏、鼻痒,症状多在孕中期出现。尽管部分患者接受生理海水鼻喷剂治疗后自觉症状明显改善,症状VAS和鼻阻力测试结果显示治疗前后差异无统计学意义;产后42 d有75.5%的患者鼻部症状明显改善,差异有统计学意义;产后3个月有90.6%的患者症状消失。结论妊娠期鼻炎以鼻塞为主要临床表现,伴或不伴流涕、打喷嚏、鼻痒,多数患者产后42 d症状消失。部分经生理海水鼻喷剂治疗症状可改善,但其有效性有待进一步研究。

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of pregnancy rhinitis and to explore the possible treatment. Methods ＂Data of 53 patients with pregnancy rhinitis were collected. All patients accepted nasal spray of hypertonie saline solution for 4 weeks. The consumption of visual analogue scale （VAS） and rhinomanometry test were recorded. Results Nasal obstruction was the main clinical feature, with or without runny nose, sneezing or rhinocnesmus. Although some patients self-consciously felt symptoms improved after treatment, the VAS and nasal resistance test showed that there was no significant difference before and after the treatment. Postpartum 42 days, nasal symptoms of 75.5% of the patients improved significantly, and the difference was statistically significant. Postpartum 3 months, nasal symptoms of 90.6% of patients improved. Conclusions Nasal obstruction was the main manifeststion of patients with pregnancy rhinitis, with or without runny nose, sneezing or rhinoenesmus. For the most patients, symptoms improved postpartum 42 days. For some patients, nasal spray of hypertonic saline treatment could improve the symptoms, but the effect remained further research. （Chin J Ophthalmol and Otorhinolaryngol,2017,17：46-48）