江苏地区建筑彩画中“二色”的褪变色研究

The Discolouration of Erse Pigments in Architectural Coloured Paintings from Jiangsu

江苏省明清时期的建筑彩画是研究古代建筑彩画艺术发展、演变不可多得的实物资料,其制作工艺继承和发展了宋代建筑彩画的官式作法,表现出鲜明的时代和地域特征。作为江苏地区传统建筑彩画中彩画色彩重要组成的"二色",普遍存在有严重的褪变色现象,轻则影响了彩画的艺术效果,重则危及彩画的长期保存。为明确了解彩画中"二色"发生褪变色的主要原因,在实地调查、传统工艺调查和环境调查分析的基础上,本文结合采集样品的科学分析检测,有针对性地设计了模拟实验。结果表明:"二色"颜料层褪变色最为明显是由于光照、高温高湿、二氧化硫协同作用,其中颜料和胶料都发生了显著的变化所致。本文利用实验结果比对,分析了实际情况下"二色"的褪变色病害,得出了病害产生的主要原因,并作了进一步的探讨分析。

Ming and Qing dynasties architectural coloured paintings in Jiangsu province are great examples for researchers on the development of ancient architecture painting. The technique was derived from the official method of painting and decoration of Song style and shows distinct local features. As an important colour in traditional architectural paintings in Jiangsu, erse [二色] is discolouring seriously over time. Such discolouration has reduced the artistic effect of the paintings and will make conservation much more difficult. To understand the causes of discolouration, based on onsite observation, traditional technique research and environment analysis, the current author uses samples for scientific analysis. The results show that illumination, high humidity and temperature and sulfur dioxide are the main causes for discolouration, because both the pigments and the medium have changed apparently. After a comparison of the experiment results, the diseases of actual erse discolouration are analyzed and the causes are further discussed.