首都教育决策中公民参与研究——以政策网络理论为视角

A Study on the Citizen Participationin Educational Decision-making in Beijing——From the Perspectiveof Policy Network Theory

参与主体的多元利益关系对首都教育决策提出了新的挑战。借鉴政策网络理论,研究首都教育决策中公民参与的现状、原因与建议。总体看来,公民参与不足,呈"三位一体"的网络结构;参与过程沟通不畅,以"告知"和"咨询"为主,参与程度较浅,以"政府主导"和"象征型参与"为主;参与效果不佳,在不同"参与网络"中影响效应存在明显差异。"参与网络"的松散性、"强-弱"分明的过程特征以及"利益冲突-价值分歧-信息差序"驱动的参与效果成为制约公民参与的关键因素。因此,重构以政策社群和府际网络为牵头者,以专业网络为核心,以议题网络为基础,主体紧凑、利益均衡、信息对称的决策网络,成为扩大公民参与的根本建议。

Multilateralinterests relationship of the participants pose new challenges for education deci- sion-making. This paper studies the current situation, reasons and suggestions of citizen participation in education decision-making with reference to policy network theory. Generally, there is a lack of citizen par- ticipation and indicates a ＂trinity＂ network structure. The communication process is not enough, which mainly include the forms of ＂to inform＂ and ＂to consult＂.The participation level is quite low, mainly inclu- ding the ＂government-oriented＂ and ＂symbolic participation＇.The participation effect is poor and there are significant differences in the different ＂participation network＂ effects. ＂Participation Network＂ is loose and the process is characterized by the distinctive ＂strong and weak＇contrast. The participation effect driven by ＂Conflict of interest-thevalue differences - the information orderdifference＂ become the key factorlimiting citizen participation. Therefore, in order to reconstruct the policy community and intergovernmental net- work led by a professional network as the core, the internet-based and tightly-combined decision support network with the balance of interests and symmetrical information becomes the basic recommendation to expand citizen participation.