9种室内植物对苯污染净化能力的研究

Research on purification capacity of nine kinds of indoor plant against benzene pollution

苯作为室内"三大隐形杀手"之一,已严重威胁到人们的生命安全及健康。室内植物生态修复技术作为一种安全、稳定、持续、高效的方法已经成为室内苯污染净化修复的有效途径和重要手段。室内植物对苯污染的净化能力是室内苯污染的生态修复植物选择的基础依据。研究采用密闭熏气法对9种室内植物进行不同浓度的苯胁迫实验,通过对实验植物的苯净化率、单位面积净化量变化的综合分析,并采用隶属函数值法研究了9种室内植物对苯污染的净化能力。结果表明:植物种类、苯浓度及两因素的交互效应对9种植物的苯净化率、单位面积净化量的影响均达极显著水平,在15、30、60 mg/m^3浓度苯胁迫下,白鹤芋对苯污染的净化率最高,分别为65.98%、55.16%、38.41%,银心吊兰对苯污染的净化率最低,分别为25.06%、16.57%、7.04%;金边虎尾兰对苯污染的单位面积净化量最高,分别为3.9243、5.2936和5.3596 mg/(m^2·h),银心吊兰对苯污染的单位面积净化量最低,分别为0.6225、1.1146和1.2272 mg/(m^2·h)。综合评定结果表明9种室内植物对苯污染净化能力最强的是金边虎尾兰,其次为白鹤芋,最弱的是银心吊兰。

Benzene, one of the three indoor invisible killers, has badly threatened life safety and health of people. Indoor plant ecological restoration technology, as a secure, stable, sustainable and efficient method, has become an effective way and important means of purification and restoration of indoor benzene. Purification capacity of indoor plant against benzene pollution is the base for selection of ecological restoration plant of indoor benzene pollution. The research does the experiments with different concentrations of benzene stress for 9 indoor plants with airtight fumigation method, studies purification capacity of 9 indoor plants against benzene pollution by comprehensively analyzing the change of purification rate and purification amount per unit area of the experimental plants against benzene pollution with the method of subordinate function values. The results show that plant species and benzene concentration and their synergy significantly affect purification rate and purification amount per unit area of 9 plants against benzene pollution. Spathiphyllum floribundum has the highest purification rate against benzene pollution under benzene stress of 15 mg/m^3 , 30 mg/m^3 and 60 rag/ m^3, which respectively is 65.98% , 55.16% and 38.41% , Chlorophytum capense var. vttatum, the lowest, which respectively is 25.06% 16.57 % and 7.04% ： Sansevieria trifasciata var. laurentii has the highest purification amount per unit area against benzene pollution, wrucn respecnvely is 3. 9243, 5. 2936 and 5. 3596 mg/m^2 ·h, Chlorophytum capense var. vttatum, the lowest, which respectively is 0. 6225, 1. 1146 and 1. 2272 mg/m^2 ·h. The result of comprehensive assessment shows that the indoor plant with the strongest purification capacity against benzene pollution is Spathiphyllumfloribundum, followed by Sansevieria trifasciata var. laurentii, that with the weakest purification capacity is Chlorophytum capense var. vttatum.