五轴数控机床动态精度检验试件特性研究

Research on Characteristic of Test Specimen for Five-axis CNC Machine Tools

检验试件是对机床动态精度的最终考量,然而目前基于试件切削的机床性能评估还存在很多不确定性。通过分析四种常用的五轴机床精度检验试件造型方法,计算各试件的曲率、开闭角、扭曲角等重要几何特征,研究试件加工过程中各轴加速度冲击的跳变位置,得出试件几何特征是其具备检验特性的关键。最终,通过切削试验验证中国"S"试件的优越性。基于检验试件的分析有助于建立试件与机床动态性能间的映射关系,完成加工后误差的定向溯源与辨识,为采用试件切削的评价方法提供更加充分的依据。

Test specimen usually applied on checking dynamic precision of machine tools, but the performances of machine tools based on specimen cutting are still indeterminate. The modelings of four common test specimens for five-axis CNC machine tools are analyzed firstly. Then some important geometric features including the curvature, open-close angle, twisted angle of each specimen are studied. Next, the sudden change positions of acceleration on each axis are obtained during processing. So the various geometric characteristics are the key to test function of specimens. Finally, the superiority of Chinese ＂S＂ specimen is verified by the cutting experiments. The analysis results can be used to set up the relationship between test specimen and machine＇s dynamic performance, and contributed to the machine＇s error identification and traceability.