绕组分布对永磁伺服电机电磁场与温度场影响的研究

Influence of winding distribution on the electromagnetic field and temperature field of permanent magnet servo machine

永磁伺服电机采用不同的绕组分布形式对电机的电磁场和温度场均会产生一定的影响,文章以一台8极10 k W的永磁伺服电机为例,建立不同绕组分布的永磁伺服电机模型,对比分析电机不同绕组分布对电磁场和温度场的影响。首先,采用时步有限元计算方法对永磁伺服电机谐波磁场变化进行分析,基于傅里叶谐波分解理论给出电机内各次谐波的变化情况。然后,结合电机转矩脉动系数的分析对不同绕组分布下的永磁电机转矩脉动进行研究,给出电机转矩波动随绕组分布形式的变化规律;其次对电机各损耗的变化规律进行分析,并揭示电机内谐波磁场对电机损耗的影响机理。在损耗研究的基础之上,进一步对不同绕组分布下的永磁伺服电机绕组温度与永磁体温度进行分析,给出不同绕组分布下的温度变化规律。最后,结合有限元计算结果及相关实验验证计算分析的准确性,并进一步揭示双层绕组分布在永磁伺服电机提高电机综合性能方面的作用。

The different winding distribution has an effect on the electromagnetic field and temperature field of perma- nent magnet servo machine （PMSM）. This paper takes an 8 poles 10 kW PMSM as an example, the models of the machine with different winding distribution are established, and then it is used to analyze the influence of winding dis- tribution on the electromagnetic field and temperature field of PMSM. Firstly, the finite element method （FEM） of e- lectromagnetic field is adopted to analyze the harmonic field and the FFT method is also used. Moreover, the PMSM torque pulsation under the different winding distribution is analyzed based on, the torque pulsation factor, and then the variation of the losses are also analyzed. The mechanism of harmonic magnetic effected on the machine loss is re- vealed. On the basis of studying the loss, the temperature field is used to analyze the variation of the winding and per- manent magnet temperature under the different distribution. Finally, combining with the finite element calculation re- suits and the related experiment data, the validity of double-layer winding model is verified. And furthermore, it proves that double-layer windin~ distribution is helpful to improve the performance of the machine.