德国文理中学学制改革困境与趋势

Dilemma and Trend of Reform in Gymnasium in Germany

21世纪初,德国各联邦州出于经济、教学质量、欧洲一体化等因素的考虑,相继把文理中学由9年制改为8年制。但改革之后的8年制却出现了教学内容缺失、师生关系不和谐等问题。社会各界对于回归9年制或保留8年制有着不同的意见,为此各联邦州陷入了学制取舍的困惑中,并再一次根据实际情况尝试新的改革。如今,文理中学的学制已走向多元化,形成8年制与9年制并存的局面。

At the beginning of the 21st century, the German federal states has changed the German Gymnasium from nine-year curriculum to eight years for the sake of economy, teaching quality, European integration and other factors. However, there have been problems such as a lack of teaching content, the unharmonious relationship between teachers and students and so on since the reform. Social circles have different views on returning to nine-year curriculum. Therefore the federal states fell into a dilemma baffle and reformed again according to the actual situation. Today the educational system of the German Gymnasium has been diversified, forming a coexistence of the eight-year and nine-year curriculum.