加氢催化还原芳硝基制芳胺催化剂的研究进展

Research progress of hydrogenation catalysts for reduction of aromatic nitro compounds to aromatic amines

介绍了芳硝基化合物还原制备芳香胺的方法,主要包括催化加氢还原法、CO还原法、金属还原法、硫化碱还原法、金属氢化物还原法、水合肼还原法、电化学还原法、生物法及光催化等,指出催化加氢还原法是制备芳胺的有效方法。综述了芳硝基加氢还原催化剂的研究进展,对镍、钯、铂、金及一些非金属催化剂的应用研究进行了述评,同时指出,催化加氢还原法制备芳胺催化剂未来的研究方向和重点是开发环境友好型非金属催化剂、新型催化剂载体以及进一步提高金属催化剂的重复利用率和活性,降低催化剂成本。

The methods of preparing aromatic amines by reduction of aromatic nitro compounds are presented including catalytic hy- drogenation, CO reduction, metal reduction, sodium sulfide reduction, metal hydride reduction, hydrazine hydrate reduction, electrochemical reduction, bioanalysis and photocatalysis. It is pointed out that catalytic hydrogenation is the effective way to prepare aromatic amines. The research progress of aromatic nitro hydrogenation and reduction catalysts is reviewed, and the application research of catalysts including the nickel, palladium, platinum, gold metallic catalysts and some non-metallic catalysts are commented. The research direction and key points of aromatic nitro hydrogenation and reduction catalysts are put forward, that is developing environment friendly non-metallic catalysts and new carriers, increasing the recycle rate and activity of metal catalysts, and reducing the cost of catalysts.