说“夬”“韘”——从“夬”字考释谈到文物中扳指的命名

Discuss “Jue( 夬) ”and “She( 韘) ”:On the “Jue( 夬) ”Explanation and How to Name the Fingerstall in Cultural Relics

趞曹鼎铭文中"橹"前一字,长期以来被学界误释为"虎",其实该形为"夬"字。"夬"字像手指上戴有扳指之形,为表意字。铭文中"夬"用为本义,指周王所赏赐的物品扳指,在铭文中其与弓、矢并列,类似用例也见于传世文献,文例极其合适。目前,学界一直称扳指为"韘",其实并不严谨,扳指应有更合理的称呼——夬。联系出土资料、传世文献,可以看出"夬""韘"二者有别,"夬"是射箭时所戴扳指,而"韘"为"夬"中的衬垫,两者并不相同。包山简(260号)形旧释为"昷",实际为""字的误释,在简文中可读为"韘"。包山楚墓中出土的扳指,内部衬有皮垫——韘,与简文所记相合,也说明了"夬"、"韘"之间的区别。

The word before 'Oars( 橹) 'in the Quecao Tripod Inscriptions text,has long been mistakenly interpreted as 'Tiger'by some scholars,in fact,The word is the 'Jue( 夬) '. The 'Jue( 夬) 'word is a word that is wearing on the finger. The'Jue( 夬) 'word is one of ideographic char-acters. The 'Jue( 夬) 'word in the inscriptions is used for the original meaning,referring to the fingerstall that is rewarded by Zhou king items,and is in parallel with bowand arrows in its inscriptions,The 'Jue( 夬) 'word is also similar to the use case in the found historical documents,and the text is extremely appropriate cases. Currently,it has been called to 'She( 韘) 'by some scholars. In fact,it is not rigorous. It should be more reasonable—— 'Jue( 夬) '. Contact unearthed information and historical documents,it can be seen the two are different between 'Jue( 夬) 'and 'She( 韘) '. The two are not the same. 'Jue( 夬) 'is the fingerstall for worn archery,but 'She( 韘) 'is the liner inside 'Jue( 夬) '. Bun shan Bamboo slip( No. 260) interpreted in the old days as 'Jue Wen( 夬昷) ',actually,the word is a misinterpretation of'She() ',and it can be look as'She( 韘) 'in simple text readable. The unearthed fingerstall in Bun Chu tomb,has a liner with leather pad inside'She( 韘) '. The text is consistency with written Bamboo slip. The text also explains the difference between 'Jue( 夬) 'and 'She( 韘) '.