山东蒙山第四纪冰川组合遗迹的发现及初步研究

Discovery of the Quaternary Glacial Relics in Mount Mengshan,Shandong Province

本文介绍了山东蒙山地区南坡保存的丰富而清晰的第四纪冰川遗迹,重点展示了兰溪山谷的冰石河、侧碛堤组合,并对相伴产出的擦痕、磨光面、颤痕等冰川遗迹进行了调查与测量。同时对冰石河、侧碛堤的分布、规模、物质组成、岩石特征进行了介绍。根据侧碛堤的排列位置及砾石的风化程度,初步确定为末次冰期的冰碛遗迹;对山谷两侧磨光面上的擦痕进行了测量统计,显示谷壁磨光面上擦痕的长宽比具有10:1左右的比例规律;根据侧碛最大高度法(MELM),结合对于蒙山侧碛的调查,对蒙山雪线的高度进行了估算,初步估算蒙山南坡末次冰期时的雪线高度约为700 m左右。蒙山地区这些组合冰川遗迹的发现,为中国东部第四纪冰川的研究提供了直接的证据。

In this paper, the characteristics of the Quaternary glacial moraine and related relics found in Mount Mengshan, Shandong Province, are systematically introduced. The authors concentrate mainly on the moraines, scratches, polished surface and chatter marks distributed in Lanxi valley. At the same time, the distribution, size, composition and rock characteristics of the lateral moraines and felsenmeers are reported. Based on the distribution of the lateral moraine and the weathering degree of gravels, we are trying to identify the moraine traces as the product formed at the last glacial period. Based on measurement and statistical analysis of the scratches on the polished bedrock surface from both sides of the valley, the length/width ratio of scratches on valley walls is about 10：1. Using lateral moraine maximum height method and investigation with lateral moraine at Mount Mengshan region, we have estimated the height of the last glaciation snow line in the southern slope of Mount Mengshan. It is about 700 meters.