围封与放牧对荒漠草原土壤理化性质的影响

Effects of Grazing and Fencing on Soil Physicochemical Properties in Desert Grassland

以宁夏盐池典型荒漠草原为研究对象,选择围栏封育区和围栏外放牧区的芨芨草群落和沙蒿群落,研究围封与放牧区2种群落草地的含水量、pH及土壤理化性质的变化。结果表明:放牧干扰对荒漠草原土壤水分和pH均表现出显著影响(P<0.05),沙蒿群落土壤含水量各层在放牧干扰下比围栏区相应高12.0%、12.3%和16.6%,芨芨草群落各层均表现为围封区含水量大于放牧区,放牧区土壤pH明显低于围封区;除速效磷(AP)以外,其它养分元素含量均呈现为围封区大于放牧区,围封内外土壤的有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、速效氮(AN)、速效磷(AP)、速效钾(AK)的达到差异显著水平,对全磷(TP)、全钾(TK)的影响不明显;芨芨草群落各层土壤各指标含量均比沙蒿高,同时相对增幅也大。

Taking the typical desert steppe in Yanchi of Ningxia as the research object,by selecting Achnatherum splendens and Artemisia desertorum community in enclosure and fence grazing areas,in order to research the change regulation of the water content,pH and the physicochemical properties in two communities of grassland fencing and grazing areas,the physicochemical properties of water content,pH and the change of soil.The results showed that the disturbance of grazing make a significant effect on soil water content and pH of desert steppe（P〈0.05）,the soil water content of each soil layer in Artemisia desertorumcommunity under the disturbance of grazing were 12.0%,12.3% and 16.6% higher than fencing area correspondingly,while as Achnatherum splendens community,the water content of each soil layer in fencing area were higher than that in grazing area;the change regulation of soil pH was consistent with the water content;in addition to the available phosphorus（AP）,the content of other soil nutrient elements in enclosing area were higher than that in grazing area;furthermore,the soil organic carbon（SOC）,total nitrogen（TN）,available nitrogen（AN）,available phosphorus（AP）and available potassium（AK）had significant difference between enclosing and grazing area,while which made no obvious effect on total phosphorus（TP）and total potassium（TK）;the soil element of each soil layers in Achnatherum splendens community were higher than Artemisia desertorumcommunity,while the relative increase was also large.