回归真实的自我存在——王阳明论“真己”的生命境界

Return to the True Self-existence:The Realm of the Pure Man's Life Demonstrated by Wang Yangming

王阳明的良知学从对宇宙存在本源处的追问出发,吸收了道家"道之真"与儒家"性之诚"的特征,由此所形成的良知本体论以"真""诚"为其本体最真实、最本然的表现形态。王阳明以此既回答了宇宙一切存在的本体问题,也解决了人的本质的终极根源问题,二者合二为一。王阳明认为,人的本质就在至真至诚的"真己"的存在之中,而"真己"作为真正的自己,就是与道同体、与自然为一、永葆自然纯真本性之人,体现了其自然的、本然的特性,同时这也是王阳明所主张的实现圣凡一体、进入完美道德状态的根本路径。为此,王阳明还以自身的真行实践方式予以了证实,一生坚持反对虚无、诈伪的价值取向,摒弃伪善虚辞,以真诚之性,追寻最真实的人生境界,以回归真实的自我存在为自我生命的真正的家园。

Pursuing the essence of universe and absorbing the reality of Tao and the sincere of nature,Wang Yangming'conscience ontology sets the'reality'and'sincere'as the most real and natural manifestation.Based on what has been discussed above,Wang Yangming not only answers the question of the essence of universe,but also solves the problem of the ultimate source of human's essence,where these two questions could be combined into one question.Wang Yangming deems that the essence of human is in the existence of'the pure man'who is the most real and sincere.'The pure man',as the true self-existence,is the people merging with Tao,uniting nature and maintaining the most real Nature.'The pure man'embodies the characteristics of natural and authentic,which is the fundamental path to achieve Wang Yangming'theory of Shengfanyiti and into the perfect moral status.Wang Yangming's own practices confirm his theory.He stands on the side opposing to nihility and deceit,abandoning the hypocrisy and flashy words.Instead,he pursues the real life with sincere nature and treats the return to real self-existence as a real home for own life.