自由设站法在点云拼接中的应用

Application of Free Station in the Point Cloud Registration

为方便三维点云数据的统一管理和工程应用,需要为其提供统一的坐标基准。在数据采集阶段,对于在控制点可通视的测区内,可利用后视定向的方法完成点云扫描测量工作。针对控制点无法通视的测区,本文提出基于全站仪三维自由设站控制测量的方法,建立间接设站点平差模型并进行平差,进而解算标靶点坐标,利用标靶将扫描点转换到绝对坐标系中。试验结果表明:标靶坐标的测量精度和点云拼接的精度符合要求。在测区观测条件不好的情况下,自由设站法的应用为点云拼接提供了一种可行的方法。

In order to facilitate unified management and engineering application of 3 D point cloud data, it is necessary to provide for a uniform coordinate reference. In the data acquisition phase, it can be used the orientation of the rear - related measurements to com- plete the scanning work in the area where the control points are visible. In the area where control points are invisible, it proposed a controlling surveying method based on free station of total station and establishes indirect adjustment model and adjustment, thus sol- ving standard target coordinates and cloud point converted to the absolute coordinate system. Results show that the accuracy of the tar- get surveying accuracy and point cloud registration are to meet the requirements. In the bad survey area, free station provides a worka- ble solution for point cloud registration.