边坡变形监测技术现状及新进展

CURRENT STATUS AND NEW PROGRESS ON SLOPE DEFORMATION MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES

滑坡地质灾害一直是社会高度关注的问题之一,近年来我国多地发生了由地震、降雨、水库运行和工程建设等触发的高边坡过大变形事故,有时甚至导致大型滑坡、泥石流,严重危害到人们的生命和财产安全。边坡变形的监测技术和方法在最近一个时期得到了飞速的发展,在保证边坡稳定性、验证支挡措施效果、提高滑坡预警预报水平等方面发挥了重要的作用。本文在简要介绍传统边坡变形监测技术及其不足的基础上,阐述了近十余年间国内外边坡变形监测技术的最新发展和应用现状,重点分析和对比了分布式光纤传感等新型监测技术的特点。最后,对边坡变形监测技术未来的发展方向提出了一些研究思路。

Landslide is a critical geological disaster that has drawn general concern of the society. Earthquakes,rainfalls,reservoir operations and construction activities frequently induce large movements of high slopes and even trigger landslides or debris flows,which poses a significant threat to human lives and properties. In recent years,the monitoring technologies of slope deformation have been rapidly developed and played an increasingly important role in ensuring slope stability,verifying the effect of reinforcing measures,enhancing early warning of landslides,et al. This paper briefly introduces the conventional slope deformation monitoring technologies and their shortcomings. The latest development and applications of slope deformation monitoring technologies at home and abroad in the past few decades are presented in detail,followed by a comparison of the features of these technologies,especially the distributed fiber optic sensing technology. Finally,some research suggestions are proposed for future development of slope deformation monitoring technologies.