14-15世纪英国请愿制度探析

Study on the Petition System of England in the 14th and 15th Century

英国请愿现象自古就有,爱德华一世时期议会请愿制度的产生,不仅使杂乱无章的请愿现象逐渐制度化和规范化,而且使请愿的规模不断扩大。经过14-15世纪的长期发展与演变,请愿可以按照不同的标准划分为不同的类型,同时请愿的提交、接收与审理程序也有了一定的实践模式和实施制度。14-15世纪请愿制度的发展对后来英国政治制度的转型有着重大的历史意义,同时也为现代学者研究中世纪后期英国政治、经济、社会、法律、外交等方面提供了丰富的原始资料。

Petition originates from the ancient times,and the parliament petition came into being during the reign of Edward I,when the disordered and unsystematic behavior bacame systematic and normative and the scale of petition was also enlarged. Through a long period of development and evolution in the 14 th and15thcentury,the type of petition had become diverse. According to different criteria,the petitions could be divided into different categories. Meanwhile,the submitting,receiving and trying procedure have been developedin a fixed practice pattern and implement institution. The petition system had great historical significance for England political systems＇ change,and meanwhile,it provides lots of original materials for modern scholars to study medieval England in the field of politics,economy,society,law and diplomacy,etc.